Curved flow
2. Detailed notes, courtesy of Dr. Dusan Djuric, are also provided here.
3. Earl Barker's isentropic analysis website
- Gradient wind
- Supergeostrophic and subgeostrophic winds
- Gradient wind scale
- Calculating the gradient wind as a function of curvature, latitude, and geostrophic wind
- The relationship between troughs, ridges, speed convergence, and speed divergence
- Restrictions of curved flows in anticyclones
- How supergeostrophic can winds be in an regular high and anomalous high? Also see Fig. 1 in this paper
- Some methodologies
- Isentropic analysis - Isentropic maps can provide another perspective on diagnosing ascent and descent. This method should not be used for precision, since inferring vertical motion on a theta surface neglects diabatic processes and local changes in pressure, both of which invalidate the technique since often these occur. Furthermore, one should also subtract trough motion, which in operations is not convenient, and algorithms may not compute the motion accurately either. But, it is an interesting concept. Instead, use this technique to qualitatively assess general regions of ascent and descent. The verbage is referred to as "isentropic lift", and it is often used in NWS offices.
2. Detailed notes, courtesy of Dr. Dusan Djuric, are also provided here.
3. Earl Barker's isentropic analysis website
- Vertical motion fields can be assessed at:
https://weather.cod.edu/forecast/#
http://weather.rap.ucar.edu/model/displayMod.php?var=eta_4_vertvel&loop=loopall&hours